The United Nations by 50MINUTES.COM

Author:50MINUTES.COM
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: 50Minutes.com
Published: 2017-12-14T05:00:00+00:00

The Economic and Social Council. This body coordinates the economic and social activities of the organisation’s various programmes and encourages international cooperation with the aim of improving conditions in less developed countries. It was initially made up of 18 countries which were elected for three-year terms by the General Assembly, but since the amendments of 1965 and 1974, this number has risen to 54.

The Trusteeship Council. This organ initially supervised the management of territories placed under the administration of the UN and supported them on the road to autonomy or independence. It developed out of the League of Nations’ mandate system and was created to prevent the former colonies of defeated countries from being annexed by the winners. The administration of each colony was entrusted to a trustee country until its status could be determined. As the decolonisation movement gathered pace during the 1950s and 1960s, the Council’s role gradually diminished until 1994, when the last country under trusteeship, Palau in the Caroline Islands, gained its independence. Since then, the Council has taken on new responsibilities, such as overseeing humanity’s common heritage and creating a discussion space for minority and aboriginal peoples.

The International Court of Justice. This is the main judicial organ of the UN, and has been headquartered in The Hague since it was founded in 1946. It comprises 15 judges, representing a sample of the major international legal systems, who are elected for nine years through two separate votes, one by the General Assembly and the other by the Security Council. It provides legal opinions for the other organs upon request and can also make binding rulings, but only when the parties involved submit to its jurisdiction. In these cases, the decision must be communicated to the Security Council and monitored.

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