Pan-African Issues in Crime and Justice by Biko Agozino Anita Kalunta-Crumpton

Author:Biko Agozino, Anita Kalunta-Crumpton [Biko Agozino, Anita Kalunta-Crumpton]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781138205277
Barnesnoble:
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Published: 2017-05-16T00:00:00+00:00

Violent Death as Ultimate Violence

Violence against women cannot be denied. Among levels of violence are cases of violence against physical integrity, ranging from physical aggression to those extreme cases involving homicide, which is considered to be a violent death. In the case of extreme violence whereby the value of life is involved, the role of the state and society as a group in the social institution process is questioned. In this sense, the study of female death by external factors can also contribute to the assessment of Brazilian social institutions (Elias, 1978).

In the study conducted in Rio Claro, we initially observed female mortality rates between 1980 and 1991 from census data. All cases reported from 1980 to 1991 were taken in order to examine how women were involved in violence in the 1980s. Nevertheless, data was initially confusing and contributed very little to our comprehension of the violence question. In the light of this, the data were complemented with data from local registers. In studying cases of female mortality and cases involving women in deaths by external factors (i.e. other causes except disease), the study in Rio Claro showed different aspects from what was expected and led us to seek more specific data on how the cases occurred. Cases registered at police stations were also counted as well as those at specialized police stations and registers. We also identified and followed trials in criminal courts. Furthermore, materials in town hall files of local newspapers and journals were included and we conducted interviews and collected witness evidence from people who lived close to victims. Thus, we made an attempt to search data from distinct sources as well as different points of view in order to understand each event involving women in homicide.

Therefore, our study analyzed circumstances in which women were involved in violent cases. We analyzed only cases registered and reported in the town forum in criminal lawsuits from 1980 to 1991 in order to assess how women were involved in violence in the 1980s. Since the worst violent cases against women are those affecting their physical and mental integrity, the study also tried to understand how or in what manner aggressions and death involved women.

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