Sport and Exercise Nutrition by unknow

Author:unknow
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Published: 2011-08-09T16:00:00+00:00

Figure 15.1 Diagrammatic illustration of the central nervous system and the outflow levels for the somatic and autonomic nervous system neurones. General innervations from each spinal cord level are indicated. (Reproduced from Glaser 1985, with permission from Wolters Kluwer Health.)

Image not available in this digital edition.

There are classification systems which group athletes together in order that they can fairly compete against each other. The classification is based on functional ability of the athlete and therefore athletes with different physical disabilities may compete in the same sport. For example, wheelchair basketball may include those with spinal cord injury, amputation or ‘les autres’ (other) conditions. Each athlete must compete seated in a wheelchair and individual players are allocated a classification point based on their functional ability. Each wheelchair basketball team can only have a set number of total points on the court at any time, which effectively means a minimum number of low classification players. In contrast, goalball is a sport in which only visually impaired athletes can compete. In some cases, the rules governing a disability sport are different to those of the able-bodied sport (e.g. rowing distances are 1000 m rather than 2000 m). These rules can change rapidly as the sports governing bodies move to greater equality, so practitioners are encouraged to familiarise themselves with the rules and current ‘performance’ standards when working with disability athletes. Further information about the rules governing each sport and classification can be obtained from the IPC website (www.paralympic.org).

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