The WTO, Agriculture and Sustainable Development by Wohlmeyer Heinrich;Quendler Theodor;

Author:Wohlmeyer, Heinrich;Quendler, Theodor;
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Group

Without adequate public policy that is effective between nations, international trade increases the possibilities of externalising the costs of rich countries’ consumption onto poorer nations.

Argument 2: higher income generated through international trade corresponds to less-polluting production patterns.

The normal trajectory of economic development is that societies move from subsistence to more material-intensive and energy-intensive patterns of agriculture to industrialisation and then to more service-based economies. This development path is not brought about by policy but by the increasing importance of capital accumulation and knowledge-based industries (Ekins 1997b).

Evidence suggests that the composition effect (Ekins 1997b: 822):

Adds to the scale effect at lower levels of income (i.e. it causes environmental damage to increase faster than income)

Acts against, but does not fully counteract, the scale effect at higher levels of income

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