Safe and Sound by Gordon Snow

Author:Gordon Snow
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: SPO030000, HEA021000, REF015000
Publisher: Goose Lane Editions
Published: 1997-02-15T00:00:00+00:00

Kindling

For kindling, find something that will ignite easily from the tinder. It needs to be small in diameter and broken, split, or shaved to increase flammability. Finely split wood, small dry dead branches, or dead dry twigs, which are often available near the base of green trees, are good for kindling, or you can make a fuzz stick. A good supply of kindling should be kept handy in case the fire goes down during the night.

Sustaining Fuel

Sustaining fuel is anything that will burn for an extended period. Generally, it will not ignite from the initial flame, and it requires a high temperature for continued burning. You can use:

• dead wood

• pitch

• dry peat

• coal

• dried dung

• rubber

• green wood

• animal oil or fat

• grass tied into bundles

• petroleum

Be careful of what you choose, because some man-made products, such as Styrofoam, may emit poisonous gases when burned, and others, such as containers, may explode.

Green wood will burn if finely split. If it’s dry, nearly all dead wood will burn, and you can find dry wood in the centre of standing dead trees or damp, dead wood lying on the ground. If you have no cutting tools sufficient for splitting wood, whittle a wedge from a piece of hardwood and drive it into weathering cracks in the end of the wood you want to split.

How much wood is needed to sustain a fire overnight? A good rule of thumb is to gather what you think you will need, stand back and have a good look at it, make a guess as to how much wood you have, and then double it, because that’s how much you will need. A good test is to measure your fire’s consumption for one hour, then multiply that by the number of hours you expect to be in darkness.

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