Miniature Guide to Critical Thinking Concepts and Tools by Paul Dr. Richard & Elder Dr. Linda

Author:Paul, Dr. Richard & Elder, Dr. Linda [Paul, Dr. Richard]
Language: eng
Format: mobi
Publisher: Foundation for Critical Thinking
Published: 1999-01-04T16:00:00+00:00

Intellectual Perseverance vs Intellectual Laziness

Having a consciousness of the need to use intellectual insights and truths in spite of difficulties, obstacles, and frustrations; firm adherence to rational principles despite the irrational opposition of others; a sense of the need to struggle with confusion and unsettled questions over an extended period of time to achieve deeper understanding or insight.

Confidence In Reason vs Distrust of Reason and Evidence

Confidence that, in the long run, one’s own higher interests and those of humankind at large will be best served by giving the freest play to reason, by encouraging people to come to their own conclusions by developing their own rational faculties; faith that, with proper encouragement and cultivation, people can learn to think for themselves, to form rational viewpoints, draw reasonable conclusions, think coherently and logically, persuade each other by reason and become reasonable persons, despite the deep-seated obstacles in the native character of the human mind and in society as we know it.

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