Ethnic Groups and Population Changes in Twentieth Century Eastern Europe by Eberhardt Piotr;Owsinski Jan;

Author:Eberhardt, Piotr;Owsinski, Jan;
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Group
Published: 2015-09-15T00:00:00+00:00

The events that took place in western Ukraine during and after World War II were long obscured by official secrecy. The archives of the NKVD (Narodnyi komissariat vnutrennikh del, People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs [of the USSR]), which were opened only recently, show the scale of the persecution directed against the Ukrainian population. According to official Soviet data, 262,364 Ukrainians fell victim to the main phase of the pacification campaign, which lasted from February 1944 till the end of 1947. Of that number, 59,514 were killed, 2,359 wounded, and 200,491 detained. During the same period the Soviet army of the interior lost only 4,145 soldiers, of whom 1,712 were killed. The disproportionate losses borne by the Ukrainians proves that they were victims of a campaign of terror directed against the civilian population. The military action, initially designed to liquidate the Ukrainian underground forces, continued at a high level of intensity after 1947, and the losses among the rural population were very high. Only after 1950 was this action gradually scaled back. At the same time, pursuant to a decision made by the central authorities on 10 September 1947, 114,400 people were deported from western Ukraine to Siberia. Another 40,000 were later deported from the region in accordance with the similar decision made on 4 October 1948 (Z. Palski, 1999, pp. 304–305).

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