Beyond the Gatekeeper State by Sara Rich Dorman

Author:Sara Rich Dorman [Dorman, Sara Rich]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9780367373603
Google: vc9tzQEACAAJ
Goodreads: 52835992
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2020-07-01T00:00:00+00:00

Acknowledgments

The author is grateful for feedback on the initial draft of this article from fellow participants at a workshop, entitled 'Beyond the Gatekeeper state? IR perspectives on African states in the 21st century', sponsored by the BISA Africa and International Studies working group at the 2015 British International Studies Association’s annual convention in London.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.

Notes

1. Quoted in Shaxson, Poisoned Wells, 71.

2. Cooper, Africa Since 1940.

3. Ibid., 5.

4. Dorman, “Beyond the Gatekeeper State?”

5. Bayart, “Africa in the World,” 219.

6. Bond, Looting Africa.

7. Bayart, The State in Africa, 25, 26.

8. Auty, Resource Abundance and Economic Development; Karl, The Paradox of Plenty.

9. Cooper, Africa Since 1940; Sala-i-Martin and Subramanian, “Addressing the Natural Resource Curse”; Watts, “Resource Curse?”

10. Jensen and Wantchekon, “Resource Wealth and Political Regimes”; Kolstad and Wiig, “Is Transparency the Key to Reducing Corruption.”

11. Cooper, Africa Since 1940.

12. Notably by Hillbom, “Botswana”; Taylor, “Botswana as a ‘Development-oriented Gate-keeping S t a t e ’.”

13. Cooper, Africa Since 1940, 4.

14. Herbst, States and Power in Africa.

15. Young, “The End of the Post-colonial State in Africa?”

16. On speculation, see Mahajan, Africa Rising; on scrutiny, see Taylor, Africa Rising?

17. Hillbom, “Botswana,” 76.

18. Bayart, “Africa in the World.”

19. Jackson and Rosberg, “Why Africa’s Weak States Persist”; Herbst, States and Power in Africa.

20. Cooper, Africa Since 1940, 5.

21. Death, “Naming the Beast,” 4.

22. Soares de Oliveira, Oil and Politics in the Gulf of Guinea.

23. Cooper, Africa Since 1940, 157.

24. Le Billon, “The Political Ecology of War”; Ross, “A Closer Look at Oil, Diamonds and Civil War.”

25. Brown, “Still One Size Fits All?” 2.

26. Beresford, “Power, Patronage, and Gatekeeper Politics in South Africa.”

27. Ibid., 237.

28. Ibid., 247.

29. Cooper, Africa Since 1940, 172.

30. Ross, The Oil Curse.

31. African Development Bank, Crude Oil and Natural Gas Production in Africa, 8.

32. African Development Bank, African Economic Outlook 2013, 9.

33. Collier, The Plundered Planet.

34. Lundgren et al., Boom, Bust, or Prosperity? 1.

35. IMF, Sub-Saharan Africa: Multispeed Growth.

36. Di John, “Is There Really a Resource Curse?”

37. Ross, The Oil Curse, 223.

38. Pegg, “Is There a Dutch Disease in Botswana?”

39. Thomas and Treviño, “Resource Dependence and Fiscal Effort,” 4.

40. Cobbett, “Gateway Economies and State Control.”

41. EIA, “Oil and Natural Gas in Sub-Saharan Africa.”

42. Patey, “Whatever Happened to East Africa’s Oil Boom?”

43. Soares de Oliveira, Oil and Politics in the Gulf of Guinea, 4.

44. Pegg, “Can Policy Intervention Beat the Resource Curse?” 9; Pegg, “Chronicle of a Death Foretold,” 316.

45. Frynas and Paulo, “A New Scramble for African Oil?”

46. Stevens, “National Oil Companies and International Oil Companies in the Middle East”; Vivoda, “Resource Nationalism, Bargaining and International Oil Companies.”

47. Andreasson, “Varieties of Resource Nationalism.”

48. Shaxson, Poisoned Wells, 1, 2.

49. Beresford, “Power, Patronage, and Gatekeeper Politics in South Africa”; Gallagher, “Zimbabwe’s Consolidation as a Gate-keeper State.”

50. Andreasson, “American and British Strategies.”

51. Idemudia, “The Resource Curse and the Decentralization of Oil Revenue.”

52. Watts, “Petro-insurgency or Criminal Syndicate?”

53. Okiwu, “From ‘Pirates’ to ‘Militants’,” 610.

54. Wallis and Fick, “Fuel Shortages Cripple Nigeria.”

55. Ikelegbe, “The Economy of Conflict in the Oil Rich Niger Delta.

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