Arts & Crafts House Styles by Trevor Yorke

Author:Trevor Yorke
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781846742309
Publisher: Countryside Books

FIG 2.22: RED HOUSE, BEXLEYHEATH, KENT (see also Fig 1.9).

FIG 2.23: STANDEN, EAST GRINSTEAD, WEST SUSSEX: This last major work of Philip Webb was designed for James Beale, a wealthy London solicitor, who had purchased part of an estate, including three farmhouses, in 1890 for his new country residence. Webb retained one of these, Great Hollybush, and incorporated it into the design (although the house was named after another of the three, which stood to the south and was demolished in 1896). The house is one of the most notable in the Arts & Crafts style, with its layout contrived to appear as if it had grown organically over centuries and a busy variety of textures from vernacular materials, including oak weatherboarding, hanging tiles, render, old bricks and sandstone dug out from the site. The prominent tower provided a viewing platform although its primary purpose was to hold the water tank (these are common on Victorian houses to provide water to taps under pressure in the days before a mains supply was laid on). This National Trust property contains decoration and fittings by William Morris and other leading Arts & Crafts architects.

These notable architects working in and around the Arts & Crafts movement were designing, on the whole, for the upper middle classes and aristocrats. Most of them came from wealthy and educated backgrounds and despite the Socialist leanings of many, such as Morris and Webb, they made little direct impact on the housing for the masses. It was left to benevolent individuals and trusts to try to improve the conditions of workers in this period, and to speculative builders to erect the endless suburban terraces for the burgeoning middle classes. Many of the estates and houses they built were inspired or styled in imitation of the work of leading Arts & Crafts architects, featured in leading magazines and other publications. It is these mass-produced homes, today often labelled as being of this style, that will be covered in the next chapter.

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