A Cultural History of Peace in the Medieval Age by Walter Simons;

Author:Walter Simons; [Simons, Walter]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781350179820
Publisher: Bloomsbury UK
Published: 2020-02-17T00:00:00+00:00

FIGURE 5.8: Crusaders besieging Jerusalem. Detail of a historiated initial, William of Tyre, Histoire d’Outremer, British Library, MS Yates Thompson 12, fol. 40v. Northern France (Picardy?), 1232–61. Public domain image available from the British Library: https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/ILLUMINBig.ASP?size=big&IllID=56614.

The same eschatological narrative virtually demanded that invocations of the peaceful kingdom in crusader liturgy implied a call to arms, sometimes explicitly so, as in the hymn Jerusalem laetare, where those who wish “to capture the heavens” are made to “gird [themselves] with arrows” (Analecta Hymnica 1886–1922, 45b: 76–8, nr. 95). In ceremonies to take up the cross, in celebrations of victory after the conquest of Jerusalem during the First Crusade (1096–99), and in lamentations over crusader losses in the next centuries, the Christian liturgy developed multiple rituals which transformed prayer—that most peaceful of human activities—into a “spiritual weapon” (Gaposchkin 2017).

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