Genocide at the Millennium by Samuel Totten

Author:Samuel Totten [Totten, Samuel]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Genocide & War Crimes, Political Science, General
ISBN: 9781351517836
Google: giRBDwAAQBAJ
Goodreads: 37489357
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2005-01-01T00:00:00+00:00

6

The Role of Individual States in Addressing Cases of Genocide

Kenneth J. Campbell

Introduction

Genocide dominated the 1990s. In Rwanda and the Balkans, opportunistic leaders led deliberate, organized, and systematic campaigns of rape, murder (genocidal massacres and outright genocide), and mass deportation against millions of defenseless civilians solely because of their ethnic, religious, or national identity. The international community, while possessing adequate knowledge of the crimes and sufficient power to stop them, refused to intervene in a timely and effective manner. Consequently, more than a million innocent Central African and Balkan men, women, and children were slaughtered and still millions more were scarred for life, physically and psychologically.

All of this occurred despite the international community’s pledge made in the wake of the Nazi Holocaust of the Jews fifty years earlier “never again” to allow genocide to be perpetrated with impunity. The unwillingness to stop genocide in the 1990s was one of the most shameful episodes of international leadership failure in the twentieth century. Thus, the community of nation-states in general, and leading Western states in particular—Britain, France, and the U.S.—must share with the perpetrators of genocide in the 1990s the responsibility for these great crimes.

What obligations do states have to stop genocide? Why did states—especially Western states—fall so short of fulfilling these obligations in recent years? What must be done to make sure that the failure to stop genocide does not happen again? What are the realistic chances of accomplishing this anytime soon? These questions need answers if there is to be any hope of preventing new Rwandas, Bosnias, and Kosovos.

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