From Resilience to Revolution by Sean L. Yom

Author:Sean L. Yom [Yom, Sean L.]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: POL059000, POLITICAL SCIENCE / World / Middle Eastern, HIS026000, HISTORY / Middle East / General
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Published: 2015-07-22T16:00:00+00:00

FIGURE 7.1 U.S. foreign aid and domestic revenues in Jordan, 1958–1967

Note: U. S. foreign aid includes grants and loans.

Sources: USAID (serial); Central Bank of Jordan (serial)

Jordan’s coercive apparatus also expanded in ways that tightened the tribal-state compact. In the years between 1958 and 1967 the United States provided $80 million in coercive assistance, compared with $420 million in economic aid. Such help came through not only small-scale arms grants but also indirect financing to help acquire modern British aircraft and vehicles.91 Another purpose was training, as Jordanian officers enrolled in various American training programs. In 1965, the Johnson administration agreed to sell advanced heavy weaponry requested by Hussein, including fighter jets and battle tanks. Though objections from Israel interrupted the transfer of aircraft, the United States began providing the most advanced tanks Jordan had ever acquired on a part-credit, part-cash basis.92 The greatest impact flowed from the economic portfolio, as U.S. budgetary and developmental assistance enabled the regime to stay afloat while still spending immensely on its military and police. Table 7.1 outlines this commitment. Military and police spending not only increased almost every year, but such expenditures usually consumed over half the budget.

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