Understanding Cultures through Their Key Words by Anna Wierzbicka

Author:Anna Wierzbicka
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9780195358490

The Japanese word jive, usually used to translate the English word freedom and other Western words of similar meaning, is of Chinese origin, but seems to have been used in Japan from an early date.... the word ji_yu, judging from examples found in old Chinese and Japanese documents, often has, as Tsudo Sokichi has pointed out, overtones that are to a certain degree critical. In this it is the exact opposite of "freedom" or "liberty," for which jive served as the translation following the Meiji Restoration but which in the West signify respect for the human being and contain no trace of criticism. For this reason the word jivu has come in recent years to partake in both its good, Western sense and its had, Japanese sense, with a resulting extensive ambiguity in the concept itself. (84-85)

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