Tumor Organoids by Shay Soker & Aleksander Skardal

Author:Shay Soker & Aleksander Skardal
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

5 Future Perspectives

In conclusion, 3D tissue-engineered models of cancer bone metastasis have the potential to more accurately define the functional interplay between tumor and bone-resident cells that regulates bone metastasis. However, current models remain limited in their ability to fully recapitulate in vivo complexity of microenvironmental factors, including matrix properties (organic and inorganic components, mechanical properties), bone-resident cellular compartments (osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts, adipocytes, endothelial cells, immune cells), and physical forces (interstitial flow and cyclic compression). Looking forward, thorough characterization of metastasis-associated material changes to the bone microenvironment will be critical to more appropriately model and study their functional consequences. Considering the systemic nature of cancer metastasis, integrating these models with body-on-a-chip systems that also represent other organ sites will enable examination of relative metastatic frequencies as well as mechanistic investigations. The knowledge to be gained from integrative models of bone metastasis will inform therapeutic development, and when using patient-derived cells these models could provide predictive insights for precision medicine.

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