Poverty: A Very Short Introduction (Very Short Introductions) by Philip N. Jefferson

Author:Philip N. Jefferson [Jefferson, Philip N.]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9780191025839
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Published: 2018-06-14T04:00:00+00:00

Chapter 5

Labour markets

Questions and policies

For most people, their performance in the labour market determines their station in life. What determines who earns what in the labour market? Are there systemic impediments that inhibit the ability of particular groups to prosper in the labour market? What is the role of education, skills, race, and gender? Are there ways to make the financial return on work greater regardless of skill level? If skills are lacking, are there policies that directly help to close skill gaps? Confrontation of these questions may connect us more closely with what is at the core of our concerns about newcomers to our labour markets who arrive via immigration.

Poverty is associated with weak or no attachment to the labour market and low earnings. Barriers to strong labour market attachment include low educational attainment, social stratification, and discrimination. Education is of particular importance because it influences both labour market attachment and earnings. Public policies relating to apprenticeships, job training, minimum wages, conditional tax credits, and immigration try to improve on real world outcomes produced by unfettered labour markets.

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