Modern chemistry, with its practical applications by Peters Fredus Nelson

Author:Peters, Fredus Nelson. [from old catalog]
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Tags: Chemistry
Publisher: New York, Maynard, Merrill, & co.
Published: 1901-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

strong chemical action, and the water is decomposed, as already shown in our study of hydrogen. If a burning match is touched to the sodium as it spins about on the water, the hydrogen will burn with a yellow flame, due to the vaporization of a small portion of the sodium. Upon moderately warm water the gas will take fire spontaneously. If a small piece of sodium is dropped upon a moistened blotting paper, it is quickly ignited. If, when it begins to burn, the molten sodium is allowed to roll off and drop upon the floor, it will burst into many particles which will spin about, burning with the characteristic yellow flame.

Experiment 129. — Moisten a piece of blotting paper with water, to which a little phenolphthalein has been added. Drop a small piece of sodium upon the blotter. Notice the red titlntj^ft leaves as it slowly moves about from place to place. You have seen similar results in previous work. Let the molten globule of sodium roll off upon the floor and notice what happens.

Compounds of Sodium

6. Caustic Soda, Sodium Hydroxide, NaOH. — This compound is prepared by treating sodium carbonate, Na 2 C0 3 , in solution with lime-water. The reaction is

Na 2 C0 3 + Ca(OH) 2 = 2 NaOH + CaC0 3 .

The calcium carbonate, thus formed, is insoluble in water, hence is precipitated. The sodium hydroxide is drawn off, evaporated to dryness, purified, then fused and molded into sticks ; in this form it is put upon the market. It is a white solid, deliquescent, with strongly alkaline properties.

7. Sodium Chloride, NaCl. — As already stated, this compound occurs very abundantly. In some places it is mined much as rock or metallic ores are mined. In other

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