First Aid Q&A for the USMLE Step 1, Third Edition (First Aid USMLE) by Le Tao & Feinstein James

Author:Le, Tao & Feinstein, James [Le, Tao]
Language: eng
Format: mobi, epub
Publisher: McGraw-Hill
Published: 2012-01-23T14:00:00+00:00

(A) Acetazolamide

(B) Furosemide

(C) Hydrochlorothiazide

(D) Mannitol

(E) Triamterene

ANSWERS

1. The correct answer is B. The juxtaglomerular (JG) cells in the afferent arteriole and the macula densa in the distal convoluted tubule together make up the JG apparatus, which is responsible for controlling renal blood flow via renin release. This patient’s condition is confirmed by abdominal ultrasound, suggesting that renal artery stenosis is the cause of hypertension. In renal artery stenosis, the blood flow to the kidney is impeded. This low pressure is detected by JG cells in the afferent arteriole, which then secrete renin to raise blood pressure and renal perfusion through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis.

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