First Aid for the USMLE Step 2 CK by Tao Le

Author:Tao Le
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
Published: 2016-04-10T04:00:00+00:00

TABLE 2.10-8. Causes of Seizure by Age Group

Idiopathic epilepsy (recurrent, unprovoked seizures): May be due to genetics, developmental factors, early life brain injuries, etc.

Acquired epilepsy could be caused by the following:

Structural brain lesion (tumor, stroke, AVM hemorrhage, or developmental abnormality). Tend to have focal onset or focal postictal deficit, suggesting focal CNS pathology.

Non-neurologic etiologies: Hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, hyperosmolar states, hepatic encephalopathy, uremia, porphyria, drug overdose (cocaine, antidepressants, neuroleptics, methylxanthines, lidocaine), drug withdrawal (alcohol and other sedatives), eclampsia, hyperthermia, hypertensive encephalopathy, head trauma, and cerebral hypoperfusion.

KEY FACT

If a patient presents with uncontrollable twitching of his thumb and is fully aware of his symptoms, think simple partial seizures.

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