Causation in Population Health Informatics and Data Science by Olaf Dammann & Benjamin Smart

Author:Olaf Dammann & Benjamin Smart
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783319963075
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

5.3.1 Data Are Data Are Data

In the context of Public Health Informatics, Mensah and Goderre describe “data” as raw facts, statistics, context-free numbers [195]. We’d like to take a more general position and suggest that data are numbers, symbols, and text as retrieved, collected, or simulated (Table 5.1). Data are typically generated in the form of measurements of physical entities, results of experiments, text-mining, census data, surveys, simulations, etc. They can be tabulated and depicted as graphs, or displayed as figures. More formally speaking, data are quantitative or qualitative expressions of variables. Definition

Data are numbers, symbols, and text as retrieved, collected, or simulated.

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