Basic Sciences in Anesthesia by Ehab Farag Maged Argalious John E. Tetzlaff & Deepak Sharma

Author:Ehab Farag, Maged Argalious, John E. Tetzlaff & Deepak Sharma
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

D is the diameter of the tube, d is density of the fluid, v is the velocity of the fluid, and μ(mu) is the viscosity of the fluid. The Reynolds number is dimensionless. Laminar flow occurs with values less than 2000, transitional flow with values between 2000 and 4000, and turbulent flow with values above 4000.

As mentioned earlier, typical SBP and DBP in young adults measured at the brachial artery is usually 120 and 70 mm Hg. As BP is the product of CO and SVR, conditions that change CO and SVR affect BP. Conditions in which CO is increased such as AR, MR typically have high SBP. SVR is higher in stressed patients usually exhibiting “white coat hypertension.” Also, BP is typically higher in the elderly population as explained earlier. BP readings should be taken with the arm at the level of the heart as gravity influences the measurement. The effect of gravity tends to increase pressures in vessels below the heart and decrease pressures in vessels above the heart. Changes are typically of the order of 0.7–0.77 mm Hg per cm change in height [1, 2].

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