Age of Enlightenment: A Captivating Guide to the Age of Reason, Including the Lives of Isaac Newton, Francis Bacon, John Locke, and Mary Somerville by Captivating History
Author:Captivating History [History, Captivating]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: History, Philosophy
Amazon: B0817P1TWT
Goodreads: 48749423
Published: 2019-11-07T23:00:00+00:00
Chapter 15 â Marie du Moulin
(1622-1699)
Marie du Moulin was a Dutch writer and scholar whose participation in the Republic of Letters is indicative of a much larger circle of professional and intellectual women within the group. Though not much is known about du Moulin, including details of her birth and large sections of her adulthood, historians have uncovered the fact that she was the daughter of the famous French theologian Pierre du Moulin.
Pierre was a professor at the French universities of Leiden and Sedan, and apart from Marie, he fathered at least seventeen other children. As one of the older siblings, Marie was responsible for much of the care of her sizeable young family, but she also found adequate time to pursue her schooling. Like her father, she was interested in theological debates, and beginning in young adulthood, she immersed herself in the company of others who valued such discourse.
In 1633, Marie du Moulin moved from France to the Hague in the Netherlands to stay with her aunt, whom she was named after. The elder Marie was married to André Rivet, another well-known theologian of the day. Rivet was also a French Huguenot, which was a Protestantism sect that was fairly popular in that part of Europe. During the 17th century, the French Huguenots were heavily persecuted in Roman Catholic France, which explains why many such as Rivetâand eventually Marie du Moulinâemigrated to Protestant-friendly Dutch lands.
In the company of her aunt and uncle and their friends, Marie was inspired to take on further studies to expand her own knowledge. She became a woman of many languages, famously learning to read and write in Hebrew. During her twenty years with the Rivet household, du Moulin made friendships with men and women such as Anna Maria van Schurman, Pierre Bayle, and Valentin Conrart, all of whom had the shared goal of constant self-improvement. Marie, her uncle, and many of their shared friends wrote and exchanged mail within the Republic of Letters.
Her position as a Protestant located outside of the stronghold of Catholic Europe meant that Marie du Moulin had the chance to participate in theological discussions without the fear of political repercussions. She even took part in one such conversation between Rivet, van Schurman, and other family friends one day when they philosophized over the famous story of Joan dâArc, better known in English as Joan of Arc.
A firm hero in Catholic France, 15th-century Joan of Arc believed that she had been contacted by the Archangel Michael, St. Margaret, and St. Catherine of Alexandria in a series of visions. The young girlâs belief in the truth of these visions led her to demand a meeting with French Dauphin Charles VII in order to offer her assistance in his war against English rule. Amazingly, King Charles VII was convinced by the girlâs story and sent Joan as part of the relief army to the battlefield at Orléans. The fighting at Orléans ended just nine days after the arrival of the relief army, a sign which many in the French court took as proof that Joan was on a mission from God.
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