The Frontal Sinus by Stilianos E. Kountakis Brent A. Senior & Wolfgang Draf

Author:Stilianos E. Kountakis, Brent A. Senior & Wolfgang Draf
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg

Instrumentation

For routine endoscopic surgery of the frontal sinus, conventional navigational instrumentation is may be used. However, for external approaches to the frontal sinus, such as an osteoplastic flap procedure, a forehead reference array would interfere with the placement of the coronal or brow incision. Specialized reference arrays which may be anchored directly to bone have been developed for such cases (Fig. 20.6). These posts can be percutaneously affixed to the skull at a site distant from the surgical incision.

Fig. 20.6Bone-anchored reference array for electromagnetic image-guidance system. This array replaced the standard headset for external approaches to the frontal sinus and skull base

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