Reinterpreting a Native American Identity by Hannel Eric;

Author:Hannel, Eric;
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Lexington Books

Notes

1. Briggs 355.

2. Holm 14.

3. Billy J. Stratton and Frances Washburn 68.

4. As quoted in Susan Gardner 9.

5. Ibid.

6. Memory Select Prose 76.

7. Ibid 77.

8. Ibid 40.

9. Cornell 22–23.

10. Genesis 1:26.

11. Lowery 57.

12. Tinker 113.

13. Stephens 16.

14. Barton 44.

15. McMillan 14.

16. Stephens 16.

17. Davenport 12.

18. Johnson’s Lessee v. McIntosh, 21 US 543 - Supreme Court 1823.

19. Townsend 48.

20. Gamble 6.

21. Pierce Vol. 1. 6–7.

22. McMillan 43.

23. Saunders. “Report concerning the militia in each county of North Carolina.” Colonial and State Records of North Carolina. Documenting the American South. http://docsouth.unc.edu/csr/index.html/document/csr05-0072. 161.

24. Pierce Vol. 1. 14–16.

25. Ibid 7.

26. Calkins

27. Anna Bailey 31.

28. As cited in Bailey 31.

29. Norment 32–35.

30. Lowery 68.

31. Ibid.

32. Ibid.

33. Vanatta 29–32.

34. Sider 152. Living Indian Histories.

35. Lowery 68.

36. Stephens 19.

37. Norment 26.

38. Vanatta 9.

39. Ibid 152.

40. Lowery 155.

41. Lowery 154–155.

42. Ibid 152.

43. Ibid 159.

44. Blu The Lumbee Problem 164.

45. Campisi.

46. Bruyneel 46.

47. Stratton 68.

48. Ibid.

49. Appadurai 17.

50. Add to this, the drainage of Lumbee wetlands impacted the tribe’s connection to the river where hunting, fishing and wild plants were harvested for food and medicine.

51. Fletcher v. Peck, 10 U.S. 87 (1810). http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=10&invol=87.

52. Banner 174.

53. Rachel Caroline Eaton. John Ross and the Cherokee Indians. 39.

54. Cherokee Nation v. Georgia () 100 U.S. 1. http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0030_0001_ZO.html.

55. Sider Lumbee Indian Histories 147.

56. Maynor, Malinda M. “Practicing Sovereignty: Lumbee Identity, Tribal Factionalism, and Federal Recognition, 1932–1934.” Foundations of First peoples’ Sovereignty: History, Education & Culture. Ed. Ulrike Wiethaus. New York: Peter Lang Publishing, Inc., 2008. Print.

57. Sider Lumbee Indian Histories 148.

58. Lowery 174.

59. Ibid Chapter 5.

60. Ibid 176.

61. Gerald M. Sider comments in Lumbee Indian Histories 250.

62. Recorded by Adolph Dial in The Only Land I Know: A History of the Lumbee Indians 133.

63. Campisi as cited in The Lumbee Petition. Lumbee River Legal Services, Inc. Vol. 1. Pembroke, NC, 1987. 157.

64. The U.S. has a distinct relationship to the ideal of land ownership that comes out of the Founding Fathers’s belief that land ownership would “create independent capital owners across the nation,” according to Joseph Blasi et al. This is engrained in the yoeman farmer idea, as expressed in the Allotment Act and the desire/goal of most Americans to own their own home/land—not communally, but singularly, as Gordon Wood describes. Wood explained that President Jefferson’s dream was to provide “sufficient land for generations to come of his yeoman farmers.” Jefferson praised yeoman farmers calling them the “chosen people” in Notes on the State of Virginia, “Manufactures.”

65. Regan 149.

66. Sider “Histories” 273.

67. Sider “Histories” 273.

68. April 1, 1986 edition of The New York Times, Philip Shabecoff 18.

69. Tinker 6. Spirit and Resistance.

70. Sider.

71. Regan 147.

72. Shabecoff.

73. GAO 3.

74. Shabecoff.

75. Ibid.

76. Kamps.

77. NRC.

78. Ibid.

79. Ibid.

80. Regan.

81. Shabecoff.

82. Handon.

83. SB 114.

84. Texas 1.

85. Ibid.

86. Ibid. Millirems per year is the measurement of radiation absorbed by the body.

87. Ibid 3.

88. Gillie.

89. Texas 3.

90. Holm. Sovereignty and Peoplehood 43.

91. Ibid 42.

92. Miller 69.

93. Compare the government’s “acceptable” form of the checkerboard under the allotment process and its “impossible” form in both Yankton Sioux Tribe v United States and City of Sherrill, New York v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York.

94. John R. Bowen 12.

95. Ibid 14.

96. Ibid 15.

97. Rodman 641.

98. Stratton and Washburn 57.

99. Lowery 251.

100. Ibid.

101. “The Natives Are Restless.” Time. 1/27/1958, Vol. 71 Issue 4, p22. 1p.

102. Ashurst 66.

103. Ibid.

104. Lowery 252.

105. Dial 159.

106. “The Lumbees Ride Again.” Greensboro Daily News. January 20, 1958. 4, Sec. A. Print.

107. Oakley, When Carolina Indians Went on the Warpath 60.

108. Ibid 61.

109. Lowery 252.

110. Penn Gray, “Klan Flees Indian Fire.” The Robesonian. January 20, 1958. Print.

111. “Hodges Denounces KKK For Maxton ‘Incident.’” The Robesonian. January 30, 1958. Print.

112. Race Relations Law Reporter.´ Vanderbilt University School of Law. Vol. XI., 1966. 1163, Print.

Download

Copyright Disclaimer:
This site does not store any files on its server. We only index and link to content provided by other sites. Please contact the content providers to delete copyright contents if any and email us, we'll remove relevant links or contents immediately.