3D Imaging in Endodontics by Mohamed Fayad & Bradford R. Johnson

Author:Mohamed Fayad & Bradford R. Johnson
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

4.6 Maxillary Premolar Teeth

Maxillary permanent premolar teeth are generally broad buccolingually and narrow mesiodistally. They can present with two separate roots containing one canal per root or one broad root containing one or multiple canals. When one broad root is present, the corresponding internal anatomy can consist of a single ribbon-shaped canal or one of several documented multiple canal classifications with various levels of canal division and separate apical foramina. On occasion these teeth can present with a third root and/or third root canal. The frequency for this anatomic variation has been reported to be as high as 6 % for maxillary permanent first premolars and 3 % for maxillary permanent second premolars [28]. The addition of a CBCT scan can help determine the class of canal division, the presence of bifidity or trifidity, and the exact level at which the canal division(s) occurs (Fig. 4.15).

Fig. 4.15Preoperative periapical radiograph of a maxillary left first premolar (a) with corresponding sagittal CBCT slice demonstrating a canal division of the buccal roots (b). Axial CBCT slices captured from the apical third (c), mid-root (d), and coronal third (e) demonstrate a trifurcation of the root canal system with three separate roots. Post-endodontic periapical radiograph demonstrates all identified root canal systems treated (f)

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