The Exercising Female by Forsyth Jacky; Roberts Claire-Marie;

The Exercising Female by Forsyth Jacky; Roberts Claire-Marie;

Author:Forsyth, Jacky; Roberts, Claire-Marie;
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Group
Published: 2018-09-24T00:00:00+00:00


11 Musculoskeletal injury and the exercising female

Mimi Zumwalt

Introduction

Gender differences between males and females have been evident since ancient times, stemming from societal perception of whether or not female athletes should exercise, or even be permitted to compete in sports/athletic activity. In fact, the Greeks actively banned women/girls from watching the Olympic Games, and publicly punished those few brave females who dared try to participate! In modern contemporary countries, cultural roles have definitely changed, and continue to slowly evolve over time for the better. ‘You’ve come a long way, baby. It’s a woman thing’, is a historical campaigning slogan for a lifestyle product – Virginia Slims cigarette brand, which is appropriate for females becoming more of age in terms of exercising and athletic competition. Gradually over time, more females started exercising, and eventually competing in sports previously only offered to males. This surge of ongoing female athletic participation sprouted a myriad of gender-related musculoskeletal trauma. Subsequently, researchers started studying epidemiological characteristics of injuries, which are more prevalent in exercising females, while trying to delineate various reasons for this sex difference, in order to find ways of counteracting deleterious consequences. In this chapter, the anatomical, physical, hormonal/physiological, biomechanical, and neuromuscular differences between males and females, which can contribute to injury risk accompanying those exercising/participating in recreational activities or athletic competitions, are explored. Scientific/research studies are also critically reviewed, along with identifying alternative methods of physical training to help prevent future injuries in the exercising female, for enhancing athletic performance to succeed recreationally or competitively while engaged in sports.



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