Chomsky on Mis-Education by Noam Chomsky

Author:Noam Chomsky
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Published: 2000-03-24T04:00:00+00:00

NOTES

This chapter is reprinted with permission. Noam Chomsky, Necessary Illusions: Thought Control in Democratic Societies. Boston: South End Press, 1989, pp. 197–261. Henceforth NI.

1. Addendum to Chomsky, NI, 80.

2. Associated Press (AP), New York Times (NYT), Jan. 5; Stephen Kinzer, NYT, Jan. 6; AP, Boston Globe (BG), Jan. 8; editorial, NYT, Jan. 8; Bernard Weinraub, NYT, Jan. 15; Abrams, Op-Ed, NYT, Jan. 15; David Shipler, NYT, Feb. 26, 1986.

3. Beecher, “Pressuring Nicaragua,” BG, Jan. 17, 1986.

4. Hamilton, ms., 1987.

5. For extensive documentation on how charges known to be false are maintained for propaganda purposes and the interesting reaction to the exposure of these facts, see references cited in NI, appendix I, section 1.

6. NYT, Aug. 13, 1987.

7. For a detailed review of the major State Department allegations, see Morris Morley and James Petras, The Reagan Administration and Nicaragua (New York: Institute of Media Analysis, 1987).

8. Extra! Oct.–Nov. 1987. In a letter of March 11, 1988, Lelyveld informed FAIR that he had instructed LeMoyne “to devote an entire article to what the current evidence shows on this point” (Extra! Sept.–Oct. 1988, pointing out that “six months later, no such article has appeared”). See below.

9. Humberto Ortega, FBIS-LAT-87-239, Dec. 14, 1987; LeMoyne, Dec. 20, 1987.

10. NYT, Dec. 18, 1987.

11. NYT, Jan. 18, 1988.

12. J. D. Gannon, Christian Science Monitor (CSM), Aug. 26, 1988.

13. NYT, Feb. 7, July 4, 1988, emphasis added.

14. Trainor, NYT, April 3, 1988; Rivera y Damas, Oct. 26, 1980, cited by Bonner, Weakness and Deceit (New York: Times Books, 1984), 207.

15. “Salvador Rebels: Where Do They Get the Arms?” NYT, Nov. 24, 1988. Whether by accident or not, this article appeared a month after FAIR had made public the failure of the Times to deal with the issue despite the promise of the foreign editor; see note 8.

16. See my introduction to Morley and Petras, Reagan Administration and Nicaragua.

17. Others too have put the doctrine aside. Newsweek Central America correspondent Charles Lane writes in the Wall Street Journal (WSJ) (always irate about Sandinista attempts to overthrow the government of El Salvador and others) that the Salvadoran guerrillas “capture or make most of their own weapons.” Still, history has passed them by, he writes, in part because of the “disillusioning Sandinista experiment,” a “once-promising revolution” (we now read) that “turned into an embarrassing Cuban-style economic basket case [for unstated reasons] and a U.S.–Soviet battleground” (WSJ, Dec. 23, 1988).

18. On the Miranda testimony and the media/State Department version of it, see my article in Z Magazine, March 1988; Holly Sklar, Washington’s War on Nicaragua (Boston: South End, 1988), 383f.

19. Marcio Vargas, Mexico City, interview with Arce, Central America Information Bulletin (Guatemala City), Dec. 21, 1988; Rubén Montedonico, El Día (Mexico City), Nov. 6, 7, 1988, reprinted in translation in Honduras Update, Nov.-Dec. 1988. On Lau, see Chomsky, Turning the Tide (Boston: South End, 1985), 104.

20. Addendum to NI, 81.

21. For discussion of one example, see my review of Saul Bellows’s To Jerusalem and Back, reprinted in Towards a New Cold War

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