9811336717 by Unknown

Author:Unknown
Language: eng
Format: epub
Published: 2019-03-14T13:33:59+00:00

Part III

Molecular Technologies

Chapter 6

Endogenous Signal-Responsive Transgene

Switch Systems for Visualization

and Purification of Specific Cells

Hideyuki Nakanishi and Hirohide Saito

Abstract Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are induced to differentiate into target cells, and these differentiated cells are used for regenerative medicines or drug discovery. Using endogenous signal-responsive transgene switch systems, scientists can visualize different differentiation states and purify targeted cell types.

These systems are composed of transgenes and binding domains of cell-specific proteins or miRNAs to detect endogenous molecules and regulate transgene expression. In this chapter, we describe the designs, operations, and applications of switch systems.

Keywords RNA binding protein · microRNA · Synthetic biology · Stem cell Differentiation · Imaging · Cell purification · Reporter gene · In vitro transcription Regenerative medicine · Modified mRNA · Translation

6.1 Introduction

iPSCs have the potential to differentiate into various cell types. These differentiated cells can be used for many applications including regenerative medicine and drug discovery. However, because the differentiation process is imperfect, unwanted cells such as undifferentiated or differently differentiated cells can contaminate the population and cause adverse effects such as tumor formations, loss of therapeutic effects, or erroneous drug evaluation.

To overcome this problem, our group has recently developed transgene- expression switch systems that are composed of engineered messenger RNAs (mRNAs) or plasmid DNAs (pDNAs). These nucleic acids respond to cell state- specific signals, such H. Nakanishi · H. Saito (*)

Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

e-mail: [email protected]

© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019

99

H. Inoue, Y. Nakamura (eds.), Medical Applications of iPS Cells, Current Human Cell Research and Applications,

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3672-0_6

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