When Graduation's Over, Learning Begins by Roger Forsgren

Author:Roger Forsgren
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Business Expert Press
Published: 2023-01-17T00:00:00+00:00

Suggested Resources

Novella, S. 2013. “Your Deceptive Mind: A Scientific Guide to Critical Thinking Skills.” The Great Courses.

Roberto, M. 2013. “The Art of Critical Decision Making.” The Great Courses.

Sapolsky, R. 2012. “Being Human: Life Lessons From the Frontier of Science.” The Great Courses.

Case Study: Determining the Cause of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Its Consequences

Background and Symptoms: The Industrial Revolution

During the 19th century, as the Industrial Revolution steamrolled through Europe, and later the United States, it transformed almost every aspect of Western culture. The intellectual advances made during the Enlightenment were now focusing logic and reason on the more practical arts of agriculture, engineering, and manufacturing. No longer were everyday items individually handcrafted, but new methods of mass production were being invented and implemented. With the division of labor and the dramatic increase of productivity, scarcity suddenly turned to abundance. Products that were once considered luxuries were now quickly becoming everyday consumer goods as the newly developed, and now ubiquitous, steam engine powered the trains and ships carrying these mass-produced goods to markets around the world.

As the Industrial Revolution continued its relentless transformation of almost every aspect of 19th century society, it produced an upper class of immense wealth and a new bourgeoisie middle class alongside the intense poverty of the lower classes.

Cities were overcrowded, particularly the poor and working-class neighborhoods where the infrastructure couldn’t keep up with the sewage and clean drinking water demands of a rapidly expanding urban population. Unsanitary conditions were breeding grounds for such diseases as cholera, typhoid, typhus, and smallpox.

The labor market was transformed from individual craftsmen working in local shops to legions of anonymous men, women, and even children working in giant, cavernous factories powered almost exclusively by burning coal, which caused huge clouds of dark dust to continually block out sunlight. No longer were these new city dwellers enjoying the fresh air of the countryside, but now, with every breath, they inhaled sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter, which, without any medical support, caused a lifetime of serious respiratory, cardiovascular, as well as neurological issues.

There were no labor or safety regulations, and the average factory worker or coal miner could expect to work 12 to 16 hours a day, six days a week. Child labor was widespread throughout the Industrial Revolution, and laws regulating it weren’t passed in Great Britain or the United States until well into the 1930s.

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