The Heritage of World Civilizations: Brief Fifth Edition, Combined Volume by Albert M. Craig William A. Graham Donald Kagan

Author:Albert M. Craig, William A. Graham, Donald Kagan,
Language: eng
Format: mobi
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Published: 2011-07-06T16:00:00+00:00

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parliamentary monarchy

A state headed by a monarch but whose power is shared with a national representative body.

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TOWARD PARLIAMENTARY GOVERNMENT IN ENGLAND

When Elizabeth I died childless in 1603, the English crown passed to James VI of Scotland, the son of Mary, Queen of Scots. He became James I of England (r. 1603–1625), founder of the Stuart Dynasty. The Stuart kings aspired to absolute power, and their pursuit of an income to support it threatened the economic well-being of the nobility and elites represented in Parliament. These groups invoked traditional English liberties and effectively resisted the Stuarts. Puritans (Calvinists), who wanted a more radical reformation of the Anglican Church, also opposed the kings. Both James I and his son Charles I (r. 1625–1649) had Catholic sympathies and favored peaceful relations with the Roman Catholic powers Spain and France. Consequently, the first two Stuarts confronted a combined political and religious opposition to their absolutist policies.

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