The Adult Autism Assessment Handbook by Hartman Davida;O'Donnell-Killen Tara;Doyle Jessica K.;Kavanagh Maeve;Day Anna;Azevedo Juliana;

Author:Hartman, Davida;O'Donnell-Killen, Tara;Doyle, Jessica K.;Kavanagh, Maeve;Day, Anna;Azevedo, Juliana;
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
Published: 2023-02-21T00:00:00+00:00

Intellectual Disability

Definition

Intelligence is the general mental capacity that involves reasoning, planning, solving problems, thinking abstractly, comprehending complex ideas, learning efficiently and learning from experience (AAIDD 2010). There are two core aspects to determining the presence of intellectual disability: intelligence (as measured by standardized measures) of two standard deviations below the mean of 100 in the population (IQ score of below 70), and significant challenges in adaptive skills, that is, conceptual, social and practical skills that are learned and performed by people in their everyday lives (AAIDD 2010). There are different classification systems for intellectual disability – the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) (2010), the DSM-5 and the ICD-11 – all of which encompass the above two core aspects, with each system also stating that onset must be within the developmental period, within childhood, or prior to adulthood. Within the different classification systems, there is also a greater shift towards recognizing the importance of individual support needs in relation to determining the level of a person’s intellectual disability.

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