Quantum Physics and Geometry by Unknown

Author:Unknown
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783030061227
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

(5.1)

with and |a 00|2 + |a 10|2 + |a 01|2 + |a 11|2 = 1. Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen introduced the following admissible state

(5.2)

to argue that quantum mechanics was incomplete. The EPR reasoning consists of saying that, according to quantum mechanics, a measurement of particle A will project the system to either or , fixing instantaneously the possible outcomes of the measurement of particle B no matter how far the distance between particles A and B is. This was characterized in [26] as spooky action at the distance and according to Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen this was showing that hidden variables were necessary to make the theory complete. Note that none of all two-qubit quantum states can produce a spooky action at the distance. If , then the measurement of particle A has no impact on the state of particle B. From Eq. (5.1) one sees that the possibility to factorize a state translates to

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