Public Infrastructure Asset Management, Second Edition by Waheed Uddin W. Ronald Hudson ralph c. g. haas ralph c.g. haas

Author:Waheed Uddin, W. Ronald Hudson, ralph c. g. haas, ralph c.g. haas
Language: eng
Format: epub
Published: 2018-07-11T16:00:00+00:00

The specification level also indicates another major principle of good end-result specifications—bonus provisions. Experience shows that contractors subject to being penalized feel much better if they also have the possibility of being rewarded. When such a bonus, or reward, system is included, end-results specifications are much more likely to be successful.

10.4.4 Factors Influencing Evaluation and Enforcement of a Specification

In evaluating pavement smoothness, as with any other end-result specification, it is desirable to have a standard and accurate instrument against which all other instruments can be compared. Unfortunately, many times no standard instrument exists. Lacking an acceptable standard, the next-best thing is to select a particular instrument type and accept it as the standard output device for use in enforcing and developing the specification.

Repeatability of the measurements of compliance must be carefully evaluated before equipment and specification levels are set. The variability introduced by the equipment operator must also be evaluated. It should be remembered that these comparisons must be made under field conditions, that is, the conditions that are expected for acceptance and routine use in the field.

It is also important to know how variability could affect management interpretation by the same reader. That is, might a profilogram, for example, be interpreted differently in the morning (when the reader is alert), than it would be later in the day (after the reader has begun to experience fatigue)? In attempting to answer this important question, the study team in the TxDOT study collected information on variability considered to be realistic to determine what kind of variation can be expected in real-life data collection. This avoids the problem of selecting a band so narrow in the specifications that it is unreasonable to expect the contractor to meet it.

The data for this analysis were obtained by having the same interpreter read several profilograms several times for both high- and low-profile level pavements.

Download

Copyright Disclaimer:
This site does not store any files on its server. We only index and link to content provided by other sites. Please contact the content providers to delete copyright contents if any and email us, we'll remove relevant links or contents immediately.