Imaging Non-traumatic Abdominal Emergencies in Pediatric Patients by Vittorio Miele & Margherita Trinci

Author:Vittorio Miele & Margherita Trinci
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

14.5 Imaging Evaluation

Diagnostic imaging plays a main role in diagnosis and management of ovarian torsion. All imaging techniques and all diagnostic techniques used in emergency can give their contribution (Miele et al. 2006; Miele and Di Giampietro 2014). The most useful techniques are US, CT, and MRI.

14.5.1 Ultrasound Findings in Neonatal Torsion

The ovarian torsion is the most common complication of the neonatal ovarian cyst. The presence of subcentimeter follicular cysts is a frequent and normal feature in neonatal ovaries (Fig. 14.3). They are detected sonographically from the third trimester of pregnancy and in the early infancy, as a result from excessive stimulation from maternal hormones, and regress spontaneously. The cysts that are not retreated may develop complications in utero or in the first year of age, and the most common are torsion and hemorrhage, less frequently autoamputation (Nussbaum et al. 1988); bowel obstruction, pulmonary hypoplasia from thoracic compression, or obstructive uropathy is present if the cyst is huge, filling the entire abdomen (Chinchure et al. 2011).

Fig. 14.3Normal feature of right (a) and left (b) neonatal ovaries with subcentimeter follicular cysts

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