Differentiation and the Brain: How Neuroscience Supports the Learner-Friendly Classroom, Second Edition by David A. Sousa & Carol Ann Tomlinson

Author:David A. Sousa & Carol Ann Tomlinson
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Solution Tree Press
Published: 2018-03-09T16:00:00+00:00

Process

Process begins when students stop taking in information and begin to work actively with it. Process is often called activities in school, but a better term is sense-making activities. Process is how students come to own what they should know, understand, and be able to do. When process begins, students stop borrowing information from other sources and make it their own. In other words, this is the point when a student tries ideas, compares them with what he or she already knows, and applies them to new settings. Activities can focus on knowledge, understanding, or skills but are most powerful when they call on students to integrate them. Among the many ways to differentiate process based on readiness are the following.

• Increase or decrease the complexity of the task while holding steady the desired outcomes.

• Increase or decrease the number of facets or variables in the task.

• Ask students to work with partners to solve a problem versus working alone.

• Provide additional models of quality student work at a challenge level appropriate for the student using the models.

• Use a range of scaffolding to make rich and meaningful tasks accessible to all students. For example, provide lists of key vocabulary and explanations, support students in developing time lines for completing their work, provide content digests or summaries, break assignments into smaller segments, record task directions, and so on.

• Use expert-level rubrics and models to guide the work of highly able learners.

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