Cognitive Load Theory and Foreign Language Listening Comprehension by Dayu Jiang

Author:Dayu Jiang
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
ISBN: 9789819723171
Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore

6.1 Design Features of Language

All biological species use some specific systems of sensory signals and rules to communicate with members within their species, for example birds by singing, bees by dancing, and ants by smelling. However, the ability to use language to communicate is the most distinct characteristic of human beings (Bolton, 1996; Fromkin et al., 2007). The design features of language refer to the properties which might be said to be unique and distinctive of human language (Widdowson, 1996). Hockett (1960) identified sixteen design features of human languages (for a detailed review, see Wiley, 2021). For the sake of direct relevance, this chapter will focus on three design features: arbitrariness, duality, and generativity or productivity.

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