Celebrating Soil by M.R. Balks & D. Zabowski

Author:M.R. Balks & D. Zabowski
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

Human activity is concentrated on the coastal margins of Antarctica. Most access is by ship; thus, ice-free areas near the coast are preferred for buildings. The first huts were built by early explorers such as Scott and Shackleton (Fig. 6.5) in the early twentieth century. Since the late 1950s, many bases have been established around the Antarctic coastline, the largest of which is McMurdo Station on Ross Island (Fig. 6.5).

Fig. 6.4Patterned ground. Left: view of patterned ground from the air. Each polygon is about 10 m across. Right: a vertical road cutting has exposed an ice wedge in a patterned ground crack that is about 2 m long. The top of the ice wedge marks the top of the permafrost. The material above the permafrost, called the active layer, is subject to seasonal thaw

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