Atlas of Christian History by Tim Dowley

Author:Tim Dowley
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
ISBN: 978-1-5064-1688-5
Publisher: Fortress Press
Published: 2016-11-29T16:00:00+00:00

The Rise of Pentecostalism

Pentecostalism in America arose out of the holiness movement, and appeared in holiness churches and camp meetings from the mid-1860s onwards. As the 20th century approached, there were increasing numbers of incidences of people speaking in tongues and other physical signs of the Holy Spirit’s powers. The first Pentecostal churches started before 1901, including the mainly African-American Church of God in Christ (1897), the Pentecostal Holiness Church (1898), and the Church of God, headquartered in Cleveland, Tennessee (1906).

According to Pentecostalist tradition, on 1 January 1901 the first ‘Pentecostals’ are said to have appeared at Charles Parham’s (1873–1929) Bethel Bible College, Topeka, Kansas, when Agnes Ozman received the baptism of the Holy Spirit and spoke in tongues. Parham now began to teach that tongues was ‘Bible evidence’ of baptism in the Holy Spirit, and a supernatural gift of human languages to aid in world evangelization.

Pentecostalism achieved worldwide attention in 1906 through the Azusa Street revival, Los Angeles, led by the African-American preacher William Joseph Seymour (1870–1922). His Apostolic Faith Mission conducted almost continuous services, where thousands of people claimed to have received the gift of tongues and baptism in the Holy Spirit.

Several holiness denominations soon joined the new movement, including the Pentecostal Holiness Church, the Fire-Baptized Holiness Church, and the Pentecostal Free-Will Baptist Church. The African-American Charles Harrison Mason (1866–1961) carried the tongues experience back to his Church of God in Christ at Memphis, Tennessee and the denomination soon mushroomed. Having received tongues at Azusa Street in 1907, William H. Durham (1873–1912) returned to Chicago, where he led thousands into the Pentecostal movement, evolving into the largely white Assemblies of God denomination in 1914.

MAP 51: THE ORIGINS OF PENTECOSTALISM IN THE U.S.A.

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