Nurse’s Pocket Drug Guide 2009 by Judith A. Barberio

Author:Judith A. Barberio,
Language: eng
Format: mobi
Publisher: McGraw-Hill
Published: 2009-06-10T16:00:00+00:00

Orlistat (Xenical, Alli [OTC]). [Obesity Management/GI Li-pase Inhibitor] Uses: *Manage obesity w/ BMI≥30 kg/m2 or ≥27 kg/m2 w/ other risk factors; type 2 DM, dyslipidemia* Action: Reversible inhibitor of gastric & pancreatic lipases. Dose: 120 mg PO tid w/ a fat-containing meal; Alli (OTC) 60 mg po tid w/ fat-containing meals Caution: [B, ?] May ↓ cyclosporine & warfarin dose requirements Contra: Cholestasis, malabsorption Disp: Capsules 120 mg SE: Abd pain/discomfort, fatty stools, fecal urgency Interactions: ↑ Effects OF pravastatin; ↓ effects OF cyclosporine, fat-soluble vitamins Labs: Monitor INR if taking warfarin, ↓ serum glucose, total cholesterol, LDL NIPE: Do not use if meal contains no fat; GI effects ↑ w/ higher-fat meals; supplement w/ fat-soluble vitamins

Orphenadrine (Norflex) [Skeletal Muscle Relaxant] Uses: *Muscle spasms* Action: Central atropine-like effects cause indirect skeletal muscle relaxation, euphoria, analgesia Dose: 100 mg PO bid, 60 mg IM/IV q12h Caution: [C, +] Contra: NAG, GI obst, cardiospasm, MyG Disp: Tabs 100 mg; SR tabs 100 mg; inj 30 mg/mL SE: Drowsiness, dizziness, blurred vision, flushing, tachycardia, constipation Interactions: ↑ CNS depression W/ anxiolytics, butorphanol, hypnotics, MAOIs, nalbuphine, opioids, pentazocine, phenothiazine, tramadol, TCAs, kava kava, valerian, EtOH; ↑ effects W/ anticholinergics NIPE: Impaired body temp regulation

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) [Antiviral/Neuraminidase Inhibitor] Uses: *Prevention & Rx influenza A & B* Action: ↓ Viral neuraminidase Dose: Adults. Treatment 75 mg PO bid × 5 d Prophylaxis: 75 mg PO daily × 10 d Peds. PO bid dosing: <15 kg: 30 mg. 15–23 kg: 45 mg. 24–40 kg: 60 mg. >40 kg adult dose. ↓ w/ renal impair Caution: [C, ?/–] Contra: Component allergy Disp: Caps 75 mg, powder 12 mg/mL SE: N/V, insomnia, reports of neuropsychiatric events in children (self-injury, confusion, delirium) Interaction: ↑ Effects W/ probenecid NIPE: Take w/o regard to food; initiate w/in 48 h of Sx onset or exposure

Oxacillin (Prostaphlin) [Antibiotic/Penicillin] Uses: *Infxns due to susceptible S. aureus & Streptococcus sp* Action: Bactericidal; ↓ Cell wall synth. Spectrum: Excellent gram(+), poor gram(–) Dose: Adults. 250–500 mg (2g severe) IM/IV q4–6h. Peds. 150–200 mg/kg/d IV ÷ q4–6h; ↓ w/ sig renal Dz Caution: [B, M] Contra: PCN sensitivity Disp: Powder for inj 500 mg, 1, 2, 10 g, soln 250 mg/5 mL SE: GI upset, interstitial nephritis, blood dyscrasias Interactions: ↑ Effects W/ disulfiram, probenecid; ↑ effects OF anticoagulants, MTX; ↓ effects W/ chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, carbonated drinks, fruit juice, food; ↓ effects OF OCPs NIPE: Take w/o food

Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin) [Antineoplastic/Alkylating Agent] WARNING: Administer w/ supervision of health care provider experienced in chemo. Appropriate management is possible only w/ adequate diagnostic & Rx facilities. Anaphylactic-like Rxns reported Uses: *Adjuvant Rx stage-III colon CA (primary resected) & met colon CA w/ 5-FU* Action: Metabolized to platinum derivatives, crosslink DNA Dose: Per protocol; see insert. Premedicate: Antiemetic w/ or w/o d examethasone Caution: [D, –] see Warning Contra: Allergy to components or platinum Disp: Inj 50, 100 mg SE: Anaphylaxis, granulocytopenia, paresthesia, N/V/D, stomatitis, fatigue, neuropathy, hepatotox Interactions: ↑ Effects OF nephrotoxic drugs Labs: ↑ Bilirubin, Cr, LFTs; ↓ HMG, K+,

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