X3 to X54: The History of the British Midget Submarine by Keith Hall

Author:Keith Hall
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: The History Press

NATO was established on 17 March 1948, when Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, France and Britain signed the Treaty of Brussels, which founded the military alliance and looked to the Americans to help it to counter the Russian threat. This agreement was ratified in the North Atlantic Treaty of 1949. The five original countries were joined by the USA, Portugal, Italy, Denmark, Norway, Iceland and Canada over the next few years.

Nikita Khrushchev became the Russian leader in 1956, some three years after Stalin died. He was communist of the old school and did not want his country’s superpower status to decline – and so, unfortunately, the hoped-for improvement in relationships between America and Russia did not materialise. The Hungarian Uprising and Khrushchev’s rather worrying habit of threatening the West with total nuclear annihilation undoubtedly played a role in the deteriorating relationship between the two superpowers. However, regardless of his threats, Khrushchev, unlike Stalin, thought that war between America and Russia could be avoided. Similar to Lenin, he was of the opinion that communism and capitalism could live side by side in peaceful harmony. That aside, he still thought that the Western capitalist system’s inherent self-indulgence and greed would lead to instability that would cause the system to fail without any assistance from his own country.

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