The Horse in West African History by Robin Law

Author:Robin Law [Law, Robin]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781138591851
Barnesnoble:
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Published: 2020-04-29T00:00:00+00:00

NOTES TO CHAPTER 4

1.Lynn White, Medieval Technology and Social Change (London, 1962), 14–15.

2.Ibid., 19; R. Lefèbvre de Noettes, L’Attelage et le cheval de selle à travers les âges (Paris, 1931), 261.

3.G. W. B. Huntingford, ‘Horses in Ethiopia’, paper presented to the African History Seminar, S.O.A.S., London, 15 Nov. 1963. The words for both ‘horse’ and ‘stirrup’ in the languages of Ethiopia are regularly derived from the Arabie faras and rikab.

4.White, Medieval Technology, 15–27; for the date of its adoption by the Arabs, see 18–19.

5.For the Tuareg term, see Heinrich Barth, Travels and Discoveries in North and Central Africa (centenary edn, London, 1965), III, 760. For the Mande term, see G. Boyer, Un Peuple de l’ouest soudanais: les Diawara (Dakar: I.F.A.N., 1953), 96. For other languages eited, see e.g. the following dictionaries: R. C. Abraham, Dictionary of the Hausa Language (London, 1946); A. W. Banfield, Dictionary of the Nupe Language (Shonga, 1914); R. C. Abraham, Dictionary of Modem Yoruba (London, 1958); Henri Gaden, Le Poular: dialecte peul du Fouta sénégalais (Paris, 1914). The Kanuri term was recorded by the present writer during fieldwork in Maiduguri in 1975.

6.Strabo, XVII. 3, 7.

7.For example, F. H. Ruxton, ‘Notes on the tribes of the Muri Province’, Journal of the African Society, VII (1908), 382, describes the Jukun as ‘riding on a pad’. For example of blankets used in lieu of saddles (in Air and Oyo), cf. above, pp. 90–91, 105.

8.White, Medieval Technology, 7.

9.W. B. Emery, Egypt in Nubia (London, 1965), 63–9.

10.C. K. Meek, A Sudanese Kingdom: An ethnographical study of the Jukun-speaking peoples of Nigeria (London, 1931), 137 with n. 4; cf. 171.

11.J. H. Greenberg, ‘Linguistic evidence for the influence of the Kanuri on the Hausa’, J. Af. Hist., I (1960), 211.

12.For the Mossi term, see L. Binger, Du Niger au Golfe de Guinée (Paris, 1892), i, 496; for Borgu, see Jacques Lombard, ‘Aperçu sur la technologie et l’artisanat bariba’, Etudes dahomeennes, XVIII (1957), 40; for Yoruba, see e.g. Abraham, Dictionary of Modem Yoruba; the Dagomba term was given to the writer during fieldwork at Yendi in 1975. (Binger suggests that gari is in origin a Fulani term, but the usual Fulani word for ‘saddle’ is kirke.) For the Mande term, see Boyer, Les Diawara, 96; for the Fulani term, see Gaden. Le Poular; and also A. Hampate Ba and J. Daget, L’Empire peul du Maçina, vol. I (1818–1853) (Paris, 1962), 70.

13.Joseph M. Cuoq, Recueil des sources arabes concernant l’Afrique occidentale du VIIIe au XVIe siècle (Paris, 1975), 77.

14.Ibid., 271 (al-’Umari), 304 (Ibn Battuta).

15.Ibid., 270 (al-’Umari), 320 (Ibn Battuta).

16.Ibid., 277.

17.Mansa Musa constructed prayer grounds and Mosques in Mali, and attracted Muslim jurists and an Andalusian poet to settle in the country: ibid., 263 (al-’Umari); ibid., 346–7 (Ibn Khaldun).

18.ibid., 271.

19.Antonio Malfante, in G. R. Crone (trans.) The Voyages of Cadamosto and Other Documents on Western Africa in the Second Half of the Fifteenth Century (London, 1937), 87.

20.Gomes Eanes d’Azurara, Chronique de Guinée, trans. L. Bourdon and R. Ricard (Dakar: I.F.A.N., 1960), 215.

21.For the absence of the bit, see e.

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