The Great Change in the Regional Economy of China under the New Normal by Xiaowu Song & Shiguo Wu & Xin Xu

Author:Xiaowu Song & Shiguo Wu & Xin Xu
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9789813294752
Publisher: Springer Singapore

2.2 The Gap in the Level of Basic Public Services Between Regions Continues to Widen

Basic public service level is an important indicator to measure the level of regional development. Since entering the twenty-first century, with the continuous deepening of the transformation of government functions, improving the protection and improvement of people’s livelihood, establishing a basic public service system, and promoting the equalization of basic public services have increasingly become the major strategic principles of the party and the state, as well as the contents of regional policies. In July 2012, the State Council issued China’s first national-level special plan in the field of basic public services, the 12th Five-Year Plan for the National Basic Public Service System. It identified 44 categories and 80 items of basic public services in 8 major areas during the “12th Five-Year Plan” period, covering different stages of citizens’ survival and development as well as the basic needs of food, clothing, housing, health and sports throughout their lives. It also made it clear that the basic public service system will be provided to the whole population as a public product.

The plan defines basic public services as services provided by the government on the basis of a certain social consensus and adapted to the level and stage of economic and social development, aiming at ensuring the survival and development of all citizens’ basic needs. It is pointed out that the scope of basic public services generally includes services in the fields of education, employment, social security, medical and health care, family planning, housing security, culture and sports, etc. which guarantee basic livelihood needs, and broadly includes services in the fields of transportation, communications, public facilities, environmental protection, etc. which are closely related to people’s living environment and services in the fields of public safety, consumer safety, national defense safety, etc. which guarantee safety needs. [Column 2-6]

Plans for equalization of basic public services issued by various regions in recent years

In November 2009, Guangdong Province issued the Outline for Equalization of Basic Public Services in Guangdong Province (2009–2020), dividing basic public services into two categories and eight items, namely, basic services, including public education, public health, public culture and sports, and public transportation; and basic security, including living security (including endowment insurance, minimum living security and five guarantees), housing security, employment security and medical security. In 2014, Guangdong Province revised the Outline of the Plan for Equalization of Basic Public Services in Guangdong Province (2009–2020). The new outline defined basic public services as public education, public health (including population and family planning), public culture and sports, public transportation, public safety and living security (including pension insurance, minimum living security, five guarantees, and protection for the disabled), housing security, employment security, medical security, and ecological environment security. Compared with the country, Guangdong Province has added the content of safety and ecological environment.

In August 2011, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region promulgated the 12th Five-Year Plan for the Equalization of Basic Public Services in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, which defined the scope of

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