Blockchain Basics by Daniel Drescher

Author:Daniel Drescher
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Apress, Berkeley, CA

Changing a Reference in the Merkle Tree

Figure 15-6 illustrates what happens if one not only changes details of a transaction but also changes the hash reference that points to the updated transaction. The updated hash reference (R2) is valid as it correctly points to the new transaction data. However, the updated hash reference is part of a Merkle tree whose root is a hash reference as well. The root of the Merkle tree (R12) points to a piece of data that contains the hash references R1 and R2. The latter one has been changed in order to be consistent with the manipulated version of Transaction 2. Hence, the cryptographic hash value of the piece of data containing the updated version of R2 changes as well, which in turn invalidates the root of the Merkle tree R12.

Figure 15-6.Changing a transaction and its hash reference in the Merkle tree invalidates the root of the Merkle tree, which invalidates the whole data structure

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