Signals in the Soil by Abdul Salam & Usman Raza

Signals in the Soil by Abdul Salam & Usman Raza

Author:Abdul Salam & Usman Raza
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783030508616
Publisher: Springer International Publishing


7.5.1 Adaptive Element Weighting

The array elements signals of beamforming antennas can be controlled to produce the desired beam by phase and amplitude weighting [72, 74]. In UG phased arrays, the current environment and the soil moisture information is used to weight the elements which leads to improvements in received SNR. The adaptive weight adjustment is done to keep the desired UG2UG and UG2AG characteristics based on the soil moisture variations.

Soil moisture adaptive weights are expressed as:



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