Reeds Maritime Meteorology by Elaine Ives

Author:Elaine Ives [Ives, Elaine]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781472964151
Amazon: 1472964152
Publisher: Reeds
Published: 2019-08-12T21:00:00+00:00

Fig 17.4 A, C and E are successive positions of the storm’s centre as reported by radio and the expected tracks are AB, CD and EF.

Ship in harbour

When in harbour, whether lying alongside or at anchor, during a tropical storm season or period, vigilance must be maintained as at sea. Barometer, wind and sky need watching carefully and it is desirable, if practicable, to set a modified radio listening watch for weather bulletins and all possible methods should be employed to obtain information about the storm.

If a storm is threatened, early seamanlike precautions must be taken. If it seems likely that the storm centre will pass nearby it may be best to proceed to sea, provided that there is plenty of sea room available. If remaining in harbour and at anchor, there is the likelihood of having to use main engines and/or to let go a second anchor. Buoying the anchors with brightly painted buoys might well facilitate their successful use for this purpose.

A small ship at sea within access of a suitable harbour may benefit by seeking shelter rather than remaining at sea.

Local peculiarities of tropical storms

China Sea and western North Pacific

If there is a fairly steady south-west or north-west wind in June to September in the northern part of the China Sea, a typhoon to the northward is probable, the reason being that there is no season when these winds are normally common; even the south-west monsoon is usually from the south or south-east.

South Indian Ocean

An approaching cyclone may be masked by the SE Trade wind; should the Trade wind approach gale force, the ship should be hove-to so as to observe the windshift.

In all tropical revolving storm areas storm behaviour may be very erratic.

QUESTIONS

1 (a) Explain why the ‘dangerous’ and ‘navigable’ semicircles of a TRS (hurricane), are so named.

(b) Use a sketch to show which is the dangerous semicircle in the northern hemisphere.

2 A vessel is in the vicinity of a tropical cyclone. Explain why the master may consider it necessary to stop the vessel or heave-to before deciding upon which action should be taken.

3 List the signs that give warning that a TRS is approaching a vessel.

4 Explain why tropical cyclones are more likely to be found on the western side of an ocean.

5 State the action that the master of a vessel must take in accordance with the International Convention of Safety of Life at Sea, when the presence of a TRS is suspected.

6 On a voyage from Sydney, Australia, to Fiji, the warning signs of the approach of a TRS are observed. Describe how the master should estimate the bearing of the centre of the storm, the quadrant in which the vessel is located and the distance from the centre of the storm.

7 A vessel is in the North Atlantic when it encounters a hurricane. State the action that should be taken by the vessel if found to be in the:

(a) dangerous semicircle

(b) direct path of the storm

8 (a) State the average range of

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