Principles of Spread-Spectrum Communication Systems by Don Torrieri
Author:Don Torrieri
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham
(6.48)
where κ is the Rice factor, f d is the Doppler spread, and Ω is the average fading power gain. For Rayleigh fading, κ = 0 and
(6.49)
Equations (6.48) and (6.49) indicate that the fading rate is proportional to the Doppler spread.
Let T f denote the average fade duration, which is the amount of time at which the fading amplitude remains below the specified level r ≥ 0. Since 1/f r is the average time between fades that cross below r, the product f r T f is the fraction of the time during which a fade occurs. If the time-varying fading amplitude is assumed to be a stationary ergodic process, then this fraction is equal to F α (r), the probability that the fading amplitude is below or equal to the level r. Thus,
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