Polymer Science and Technology by Joel R. Fried

Author:Joel R. Fried
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Publisher: Pearson Education Limited (US titles)
Published: 2014-09-03T16:00:00+00:00

Chapter 8. Biopolymers, Natural Polymers, and Fibers

Early efforts during the growth of the plastics industry focused on the development of synthetic materials having comparable or superior properties to those of natural polymers. The first important advance was the development of nylon (synthetic silk) by Wallace Carothers at DuPont in 1938. In the commercial fiber industry, natural polymers such as cotton and silk, some chemically modified natural polymers including regenerated (e.g., viscose) cellulose and acetate, and synthetic polymers such as nylon are all important. With recent achievements in the mapping of the human genome and the beginning of the immense task of identifying and studying the function of many thousands of cellular proteins, an understanding of the structure and function of proteins and polynucleotides is becoming increasingly desirable for many disciplines outside the life sciences. These include materials and chemical engineering and computer science. In addition, there has been significant recent interest in the use of renewable resources such as chitin, an amino polysaccharide, to compete with other commodity thermoplastics. This chapter focuses first on biopolymers and other naturally occurring polymers including proteins, polynucleotides, and polysaccharides. This coverage is followed by a section on natural and synthetic fibers.

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