Off Grid And Mobile Solar Power For Everyone: Your Smart Solar Guide by Lacho Pop MSE & Dimi Avram MSE

Author:Lacho Pop MSE & Dimi Avram MSE [Pop MSE, Lacho]
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Tags: off-grid and mobile solar power
Publisher: Digital Publishing Ltd
Published: 2018-02-22T17:00:00+00:00

Although being the most expensive, sine-wave inverters are the best choice, since they are suitable for any applications and match best to the regulatory requirements.

Important!

Have in mind that some electronic equipment, such as mobile phones, microwave ovens, computers, vacuum cleaners, etc., might have problems operating with quasi sine-wave inverters. Furthermore, quasi sine-wave inverters might create additional noise for audio and TV equipment.

Inductive loads, such as fridges, pumps, drills, etc., must be powered by a pure sine-wave inverter. Furthermore, an inverter must be capable of providing a start-up current for such loads, which is usually 2 to 3 times higher than their nominal operating current.

Square-wave inverters are of worse quality than quasi sine-wave ones.

Important!

The most important features of off-grid inverters:

· Generation of a stable enough, sinusoidal AC voltage.

· Ability to provide enough power to all the connected electrical devices.

· Ability to withstand electrical surges created by loads containing motors.

· Low-energy consumption in the standby mode.

· Withstanding to tolerances in the battery voltage.

· Alerting when the battery capacity is low.

· Battery charging – converting the AC voltage generated by an external backup generator (optional) to DC voltage for charging the battery bank.

· Overcurrent protection.

With the idea of protection, off-grid inverters are designed to switch off automatically when the battery voltage falls below a certain level. Therefore, in an off-grid battery-based system, the battery charging level should be regularly checked.

Often an off-grid inverter and charge controller are combined into a single device. This leads to lower costs of building the solar panel system. Such a concept, however, has a notable drawback. Since a couple of devices are integrated into a single one, the system designer has less freedom, both upon sizing and selecting the components.

Part of the DC power generated by the solar array is used for battery charging, and if the available capacity of the battery is sufficient, the other part of the DC power is turned into AC power to feed the household devices and other loads.

When the battery capacity reaches a specific minimum permissible level, the inverter could either alert the system operator to switch on an additional generator (operating on wind, diesel fuel, etc.) or itself automatically start such a generator to prevent overdischarging of the battery bank.

Off-grid inverters are produced in various power outputs, depending on the type and size of the solar panel systems. There are 100 W inverters for small standalone systems, and there are 5 kW inverters intended to power all the possible loads in residential solar power systems.

Another essential feature of battery-based inverters is that their DC input is available just for a limited number of DC voltages (12V, 24V and 48V), due to the reason that the inverter input often is also the battery output that comes in these DC voltages.

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