Nuclear Decommissioning by Michele Laraia

Author:Michele Laraia
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

A remarkable step towards maturity of decommissioning as a whole was associated with the widespread diffusion of Environmental Impacts Assessments (EIA) devoted to decommissioning projects. EIAs (or their printed reports, the Environmental Impact Statements, EIS) were not a novelty of the 1990s, but their large-scale application to decommissioning projects contributed to the awareness that decommissioning was not only a radiological concern for the environment, but other environmental values needed attention. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is the assessment of the environmental consequences (positive and negative) of a new project prior to the decision to proceed. In other words, EIA requires that decision makers include the environmental impacts in their reasoning. By inputting impacts such as socio-economic, traffic, noise, protection of flora and fauna, modifications of land planning, aesthetics etc. into the decision-making process EIAs contributed to the massive involvement of stakeholders (mostly local communities and their elected officials) in decommissioning planning. In Europe the most comprehensive report and guidance on EIA is (EC 2002).

More steps towards decommissioning maturity were offered by developments in early planning for decommissioning including design features specifically aimed at facilitating decommissioning; the full application of decommissioning principles to research reactors and other small nuclear facilities; and a new, internationally endorsed classification of radioactive waste. These aspects are dealt with in more detail in the following Appendices.

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