Forallx - An Introduction to Formal Logic by P.D. Magnus

Forallx - An Introduction to Formal Logic by P.D. Magnus

Author:P.D. Magnus [P.D. Magnus]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9788027226580
Publisher: Studium Publishing, 2018
Published: 2017-11-07T00:00:00+00:00


We add the constant h, which means Hikaru.

Sentence 37 can be paraphrased as, ‘No one who is not Pavel owes money to Hikaru.’ This can be translated as ¬∃ x(x p& Oxh ).

Sentence 38 can be paraphrased as, ‘Pavel owes Hikaru and no one besides Pavel owes Hikaru money.’ We have already translated one of the conjuncts, and the other is straightforward. Sentence 38 becomes Oph &¬∃ x(x p& Oxh ).

Expressions of quantity

We can also use identity to say how many things there are of a particular kind.

39. There is at least one apple on the table.

40. There are at least two apples on the table.

41. There are at least three apples on the table.



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