Fiber Electronics by Huisheng Peng
Author:Huisheng Peng
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9789811599453
Publisher: Springer Singapore
8.3.3 Fiber AlâAir Batteries
8.3.3.1 The Bottlenecks of Traditional AlâAir Batteries
The global demand for high-performance energy devices has been increasing rapidly in recent years [49â53]. Among them, metalâair batteries have been widely studied as the next-generation power systems due to environmental friendliness, low cost, and high energy storage capability [54]. As mentioned, the active material in the cathode is the oxygen in the air, which leads to a higher theoretical energy density compared with the traditional batteries (e.g., a lithium-ion battery) [55]. Among them, Alâair battery reveals a theoretical energy density of 2796 Wh kgâ1, which is over ten times the commercial lithium-ion battery [56]. However, the expected high energy density does not occur in the current Alâair battery.
The electrochemical performance is mainly limited by the air cathode [57â60]. Oxygen is reduced at the triple-phase boundary of the air cathode in contact with electrolyte and air during discharging. The major obstacles are the slow oxygen diffusion and sluggish ORR without catalysis in the air electrode. Therefore, a lot of efforts have been made to design them with 3D porous frameworks, which may promote oxygen diffusion through the gas phase and enhance the ORR catalytic activity [47, 61â64]. Furthermore, the conventional Alâair batteries typically appear in a rigid bulk structure enabled by the current air electrodes, which cannot meet the required flexibility and stretchability in the next-generation flexible and wearable electronics [65, 66].
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